Taiwan Fiscal Expenditure
Taiwan · Annual series · EC-TW-FE
Latest, 2025
4.15T TWD
+1.9% from 2024
Forecast
Forecast for 2028: 4.31T TWD, with an 80% interval of 3.60T TWD to 5.08T TWD.
| Period | Forecast | 80% low | 80% high |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 4.19T TWD | 3.92T TWD | 4.36T TWD |
| 2027 | 4.25T TWD | 2.84T TWD | 5.55T TWD |
| 2028 | 4.31T TWD | 3.60T TWD | 5.08T TWD |
AI confidence
Supported evidenceThe point forecast beat the no-change baseline overall and in a majority of the evaluated tests.
Model: Agentic Investor TSFM (foundation model)
- Accuracy vs naive
- +12%Beats the no-change baseline over 10 tests (10 tests, 7 won)
- Direction
- 80%No clear edge over a coin flip (24 of 30 calls right in 10 tests)
- Turning points
- 1 of 9Anticipated some turns (9 turns in 10 tests, 3 without a turn)
- Error vs baseline
- 12% lowerError ratio 0.88; 1.00 is a tie.
- Tests won
- 7 / 10Complete rolling backtests; ties count as no win.
- Test period
- 1996-12-01 to 2025-12-013 observations ahead per test.
- 80% band coverage
- 80%Observed outcomes inside the band across all stored test windows.
- Band coverage uses all stored test windows, including model-selection windows when present; it does not determine the confidence label.
- Evaluated 2026-11-15 against the cached history through 2025-12-01.
- This is an evaluation of the serving model; it does not establish a winner across four model classes.
How this assessment is made
AI confidence describes historical evidence for this forecast, not a probability of being correct. Each backtest fits on data available before its test window. The baseline carries the last value forward. Supported evidence requires at least six complete, non-overlapping tests, an error ratio below 0.90 (rounded to two decimals), and wins in a majority of tests. Ratios from 0.90 to below 1.10 are on par; 1.10 or above is weak evidence. Inconsistent wins produce mixed evidence. For a selected model, only the recent tests excluded from model selection determine this label. These are historical simulations using the available data, not a live trading track record; revisions and foundation-model pretraining can limit how closely they reproduce a past decision. Past performance can change.
Model comparison
Comparison pendingA new ticker first receives its serving model's forecast and evaluation. An eligible nightly batch can compare both candidates, subject to call budgets and retry limits.
Reading
That is the highest of the 10 readings since 2016.
Recent history (24 observations)
| Period | Value |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 4.15T TWD |
| 2024 | 4.07T TWD |
| 2023 | 4.03T TWD |
| 2022 | 3.44T TWD |
| 2021 | 3.33T TWD |
| 2020 | 3.24T TWD |
| 2019 | 2.91T TWD |
| 2018 | 2.85T TWD |
| 2017 | 2.78T TWD |
| 2016 | 2.75T TWD |
| 2015 | 2.79T TWD |
| 2014 | 2.65T TWD |
| 2013 | 2.67T TWD |
| 2012 | 2.68T TWD |
| 2011 | 2.61T TWD |
| 2010 | 2.57T TWD |
| 2009 | 2.67T TWD |
| 2008 | 2.34T TWD |
| 2007 | 2.29T TWD |
| 2006 | 2.21T TWD |
| 2005 | 2.29T TWD |
| 2004 | 2.25T TWD |
| 2003 | 2.22T TWD |
| 2002 | 2.14T TWD |
Source
Data: public market data feeds.
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